Giant cell tumor of bone

Giant cell tumor of the bone is a relatively uncommon tumor. These tumors are generally benign. In most patients, the tumors are slow to develop, but may recur locally in as many as 50% of cases. Metastasis to the lungs may occur.

Giant cell tumor of bone of multinucleated giant cells that resembles osteoclasts scattered in a matrix of spindle cells. Myelomas of this kind may be benign or malignant and may cause pain, functional disability, and pathologic fractures.

Symptoms

· Disturbances in heart beat

· Rapid heartbeat .

· Left or right ventricular enlargement

· Shortness of breath (Dyspnea)

· Pulmonary edema .

· Swollen legs.

Causes

· Bacterial infections, such as tetanus, gonorrhea, or tuberculosis

· Parasite infections.

· Rheumatic fever

· Surgery on the heart

· Radiation therapy for cancer that is localized in the chest, such as breast or lung cancer

· Certain medications.

Medications and diagnosis.

The diagnosis of myocarditis may be through a person's observation of his own symptoms, thorough medical history and physical exam conducted by a doctor. Further tests usually include laboratory blood studies and echocardiography. An electrocardiogram is also routinely used due to its ability to detect a mild case of the disease. Cardiac catheterization and angiography are additional diagnostic tests used to determine the presence of myocarditis, or to rule out other possible heart diseases that may lead to heart failure.

Treatments

· Radiation therapy: Radiation therapy (also called radiotherapy) is a type of local therapy. It affects cells only in the treated area. Radiation therapy is used alone for small tumors or for patients who cannot have surgery. It may be used before surgery to kill cancer cells and shrink the tumor. It also may be used after surgery to destroy cancer cells that may remain in the area.

· Surgery: Physicians at Mayo Clinic typically recommend that liposarcomas be surgically removed whenever possible. Surgeons try to remove the primary cancer completely while minimizing the impact on the function and appearance of the affected part of the body. Patients who undergo surgery receive a thorough evaluation by an anesthesiologist prior to surgery.

· Computed tomography (CT) is a medical imaging method employing tomography created by computer processing. Digital geometry processing is used to generate a three-dimensional image of the inside of an object from a large series of two-dimensional X-ray images taken around a single axis of rotation.