Ovarian cancer is one of the most serious gynecological cancers, often diagnosed at an advanced stage due to subtle early symptoms. It begins in the ovaries—the reproductive glands responsible for producing eggs and hormones like estrogen and progesterone. When detected early, surgery is a primary treatment option to remove tumors and prevent cancer spread.
Women over 50 are at higher risk, but ovarian cancer can affect younger women too. Symptoms like bloating, pelvic pain, frequent urination, and unexplained weight loss should never be ignored. If diagnosed, surgery (often combined with chemotherapy) offers the best chance for remission. This guide covers everything you need to know about ovarian cancer surgery—from preparation to recovery.
Early detection and advanced surgical techniques have improved survival rates significantly. Whether you're a patient or a caregiver, understanding the process can ease anxiety and help in making informed decisions.
Depending on the cancer stage and patient’s health, different surgical approaches are used:
Your surgeon will recommend the best approach based on imaging tests, biopsy results, and overall health. Open surgery (laparotomy) is common for advanced cases, while laparoscopy is preferred for localized tumors.
Proper preparation ensures a smoother surgery and recovery. Here’s what to expect:
Medical Evaluation: Blood tests, imaging (CT/MRI), and heart/lung assessments ensure you’re fit for surgery.
Diet & Medications: You may need to fast 12 hours before surgery. Discuss current medications (especially blood thinners) with your doctor.
Mental Preparation: Anxiety is normal. Ask your surgeon questions, join support groups, or try relaxation techniques like meditation.
Hospital Packing List: Bring loose clothing, slip-on shoes, sanitary pads (for post-op bleeding), and entertainment (books/tablet).
Arrange for post-surgery care—someone should drive you home and assist for the first few days. Pre-surgery counseling with an oncologist helps set realistic expectations.
Here’s what happens during ovarian cancer surgery:
The surgery takes 2–4 hours, depending on complexity. In advanced cases, HIPEC (heated chemotherapy) may be applied directly in the abdomen during surgery.
Recovery varies by surgery type:
Hospital Stay: 3–5 days for open surgery; 1–2 days for laparoscopy.
Pain Management: Prescribed medications and ice packs help with discomfort.
Activity Restrictions: Avoid heavy lifting, driving, or strenuous exercise for 4–6 weeks.
Diet: Start with liquids, then soft foods. Fiber-rich meals prevent constipation.
Follow-Up: Schedule post-op visits to monitor healing and discuss further treatment (chemotherapy if needed).
Watch for signs of infection (fever, redness at incision sites) and report them immediately. Emotional support is crucial—consider therapy or support groups.
While ovarian cancer surgery is generally safe, possible risks include:
Choosing an experienced surgeon minimizes risks. Pre-surgery health optimization (quitting smoking, managing diabetes) also helps reduce complications.
Adjusting post-surgery involves physical and emotional healing:
Hormonal Changes: Surgical menopause (if ovaries removed) may cause hot flashes, mood swings. HRT (hormone therapy) can help.
Fertility: Younger women opting for fertility-sparing surgery should consult a reproductive specialist.
Lifestyle: Regular exercise (after clearance), a balanced diet, and stress management improve long-term health.
Survivorship Care: Regular check-ups, cancer marker tests, and pelvic exams are vital to detect recurrence early.
Many women lead fulfilling lives post-surgery. Connecting with survivor communities provides hope and practical advice.
Q: How long does it take to recover from ovarian cancer surgery?
A: Full recovery takes 6–8 weeks for open surgery; 2–4 weeks for laparoscopy. Follow your doctor’s activity guidelines.
Q: Will I need chemotherapy after surgery?
A: It depends on cancer stage. Early-stage may not need chemo, but advanced cases often require adjuvant therapy.
Q: Can I get pregnant after ovarian cancer surgery?
A: If only one ovary is removed, pregnancy is possible. Discuss fertility preservation options pre-surgery.
Q: What’s the survival rate after ovarian cancer surgery?
A: 5-year survival rates range from 90% (Stage I) to 30% (Stage IV). Early detection improves outcomes.