An Infusion center is a clinic area where medications or fluids are given through a vein (intravenously) or sometimes by injection. It is commonly used in oncology to deliver chemotherapy, immunotherapy, targeted therapy, and supportive treatments. Most Infusion center care is outpatient, meaning people usually go home the same day. Infusion services may be located in a hospital, a cancer center, or a freestanding clinic.

A Hematologic malignancy clinic is a specialized oncology clinic focused on cancers of the blood, bone marrow, and lymphatic system. It commonly evaluates and treats leukemia, lymphoma, myeloma, and related disorders. These clinics are found in cancer centers, large hospitals, and some community oncology programs. Care is usually delivered by a multidisciplinary team with expertise in hematology-oncology.

A Stem cell transplant unit is a specialized hospital area that cares for people receiving a hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT). It is designed to support patients during periods of very low blood counts and high infection risk. These units are most commonly used in blood cancers (hematologic malignancies) and some non-cancer blood disorders. Care is delivered by a multidisciplinary team trained in transplant medicine and supportive oncology care.

A Bone marrow transplant unit is a specialized hospital area that delivers hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (often called a “bone marrow transplant”). It supports patients who need very intensive therapy for certain blood cancers and bone marrow disorders. It is commonly part of a cancer center or a hematology-oncology service. It focuses on infection prevention, close monitoring, and coordinated supportive care during immune recovery.

Endocrine oncology is the area of cancer care focused on tumors that arise in hormone-producing (endocrine) glands. It also includes cancers that behave differently because hormones influence their growth or symptoms. Endocrine oncology is commonly used in clinics that manage thyroid cancer, adrenal tumors, and neuroendocrine tumors. Care often involves a multidisciplinary team that combines oncology with endocrinology, surgery, imaging, and pathology.

Sarcoma oncology is the area of cancer care focused on diagnosing and treating sarcomas. Sarcomas are cancers that arise from connective tissues, such as bone, muscle, fat, nerves, and blood vessels. Sarcoma oncology is commonly used in cancer centers and multidisciplinary clinics because these tumors are uncommon and diverse. It combines expertise from surgery, medical oncology, radiation oncology, imaging, and pathology to guide care.

Dermatologic oncology is the area of cancer care focused on cancers of the skin, hair, nails, and related tissues. It includes prevention, early detection, diagnosis, staging, treatment, and follow-up of skin tumors. It is commonly used in dermatology clinics, cancer centers, and multidisciplinary tumor programs. It often overlaps with surgical oncology, medical oncology, radiation oncology, and pathology.

Head and neck oncology is the branch of cancer care focused on tumors that arise in the head and neck region. It includes diagnosis, staging, treatment, and follow-up for these cancers. It is commonly delivered in hospitals and cancer centers by a multidisciplinary team. It also addresses function and quality of life related to speaking, swallowing, breathing, appearance, and nutrition.

Pediatric oncology is the medical specialty focused on cancers and related blood disorders in infants, children, and adolescents. It includes diagnosis, treatment, supportive care, and long-term follow-up after therapy. It is commonly delivered in children’s hospitals, pediatric cancer centers, and coordinated networks that include community clinics.

Neuro-oncology is the branch of cancer care focused on tumors of the brain, spinal cord, and nerves. It also covers cancer that has spread to the central nervous system from elsewhere in the body. Neuro-oncology is commonly used in hospitals and cancer centers where neurology, neurosurgery, radiation oncology, and medical oncology work together. It aims to treat cancer while protecting neurologic function such as speech, movement, memory, and vision.